Speed control of induction motor by variable frequency control. Control of induction motor drive using space vector pwm mohammed abdul khader aziz biabani. In this tutorial we will control the speed of a dc motor using raspberry pi and pwm technique. This project is mainly focus on dc motor speed control system by using microcontroller pic 16f877a. Control of induction motor drive using space vector pwm.
A wireless speed control of ac drive system ijareeie. Pwm ac chopper control of singlephase induction motor for variable speed fan application deniz yildirim istanbul technical university faculty of electrical and electronics engineering. The output obtained from these three steps is fed to the induction motor. Manual interface start stop switch, updown push button speed control, led indication. This project is proposed to control the speed of the threephase induction motor by using the arduino controller. Induction motor speed and direction controller project serves this purpose of controlling the speed and direction of the induction motor. Pdf speed control of three phase induction motor using method.
This paper presents design and analysis of a three phase induction motor drive using igbt. Introduction this application note describes the design of a 3phase ac induction motor drive with volts per hertz control in closedloop vhz cl. You must use a simple ac transformer and a 393 comparator to get a zerocrossing time reference for the pwm interval to start. Speed control of induction motor part 1 by, supply. How to control the speed of an induction motor quora. Speed control of a three phase alternating current. Pwm ac chopper control of singlephase induction motor for.
The role of cycloconverter in speed control of induction motor is to vary the supply frequency which in turn, changes the speed of motor. Firstly threephase induction motor drive system is simulated in various modes using matlabxilinx, then finally closed loop control of induction motor is. It is necessary that voltage emf being injected must have same frequency as of the slip frequency. Speed control of three phase induction motor using arduino. Introduction of pulse width modulation, speed control and. Induction motors have been used widely in different fields ranging from domestic appliances to industrial machinery. It is widely used in industry due to low cost and rugged construction. Induction motor speed control using a microprocessorbased pwm inverter. As we have discussed earlier that proteus is a really good simulation software for beginners and 8051 is the most basic among all microcontroller so this.
Power efficiency the induction of the motor will cause the current to average. The different methods of speed control of induction motor can be broadly classified in to scalar and vector control methods. Pdf single phase induction motor speed control using pwm. Abstract the paper describes the open loop control of the 3 phase induction motor at variable speed using a 3 phase inverter. Direct torque control dtc is a technique used in variable frequency drives. A three phase induction motor is basically a constant speed motor. Advanced motor control pwms readyto use ac induction motor controller ic for lowcost variable speed applications, rev. The space vector pulse width modulation speed control of a three phase alternating current induction motor for the control of various parameters is designed. Speed control of induction motor by variable frequency control variable frequency control is a method which is used to control the speed of an induction motor. Know basics of 3 phase ac induction motor and its control using svpwm some of the advantages like low cost, rugged design less complexity and easy to maintain of ac motors results many of the industrial operations are performed with use of ac drives than dc drives.
However, there is no restriction to the phase of injected emf. An843, speed control of 3phase induction motor using. The synchronous speed and therefore, the speed of the motor can be controlled by varying the supply frequency. Speed control of three phase induction motor electrical4u. Speed control of induction motor using cycloconverter. Speed control of single phase induction motor using ac. Abstract the threephase induction motors are mechanically simple, highly. The switches are controlled by pulses created by the pic microcontroller. Microcontroller based system can be efficiently used for speed control of induction motor along with pulse width modulation technique. The inverter first converts the input ac power to dc power and again creates ac power from the converted dc power using pwm control. The duty cycle of pwm will control the motor using an optocoupler to trigger the triac. It is a 16 bit highperformance digital signal controller dsc.
This paper shows the direct online starter and speed management of 3phase induction motor through vfd. Pdf single phase induction motor speed control using pwm ac. The 3 phase inverter with 3 legs use igbts as switches for the generation of 3 phase output. In the present work, the simulation of speed control of motor at different frequencies by using cycloconverter is. The system is developed using the various toolboxes available in the library such as power system, power electronics, control systems, and signal processing toolboxes and fro m its basic. I want to run an induction motor and control its torque speed value through maintaining constant vf ratio. Variable voltage variable frequency speed control of. The inverter outputs a pulsed voltage, and the pulses are smoothed by the motor coil so that a sine wave current flows to the motor to control the speed and torque of the motor.
Why is pwm used to control dc motor speed instead of using. In the reference 389 ac chopper are used to obtain variable rms voltage from fixed voltage and frequency sources. Electric vehicle speed control using three phase inverter. Pdf this work presents a speed control unit of a permanent split capacitor externalrotor singlephase induction motor for fan applications. A pulse width modulated pwm ac chopper that changes the. At the same time the transistors in pwm mode have very low impedance and therefore a low voltage drop and low power dissipation. Abstractthis paper propose a comparative study of different controlled techniques of. In this application note, we will generate a third pwm in software, using a general purpose timer and an io pin resource that are readily available on the picmicro microcontroller. Ac induction motor acim speed closed loop volts per. The speed control of induction motor is done at the cost of decrease in efficiency and low electrical power factor. The closed loop constant vf speed control method is most widely used. It is based on freescales 56f800e microcontrollers. In this method, speed of an induction motor is controlled by injecting a voltage in rotor circuit.
Speed control of threephase induction motor using pic18 microcontroller article will help you to design your project. Three phase induction motors are mostly used in motion based applications. Electric vehicle speed control using three phase inverter o perated by. The pwm converter is merged with the inverter block.
By using pwm strategies, in the reference 45 inverter is used to drive the speed of induction motor, ac choppers are used in the reference67 for the speed control of induction motor. Pdf fpga based speed control of single phase induction. Sensorless speed control of an induction motor drive using predictive 1181 fig. The 3 phase inverter is supplied from a 400v dc supply. Can anyone help me in getting the code for a 3 phase inverter which is capable of producing variable pwm frequency output. Hello friends here is a proteus simulation of speed control of dc motor with the help of pulse width modulation pwm control, pwm signals are generated by 8051 microcontroller. So the equation of torque is, where, e 2 is the rotor emf n s is the synchronous speed r 2 is the rotor resistance x 2 is the rotor inductive reactance the speed of induction motor is changed from both stator and rotor side. Realtime lowcost speed monitoring and control of three. This application note also covers the basics of induction motors and. Saidi hemza1, noureddinemansour2, midounabdelhamid3. Pdf induction motor speed control using a microprocessor. Combining a triangle wave and a sine wave produces the output voltage.
Figure 31 illustrates the torque characteristics and corresponding slip. This work presents a speed control unit of a permanent split capacitor externalrotor singlephase induction motor for fan applications. The controller runs the main control algorithm and generates 3phase pwm output signals for the motor. This necessitates a speed control mechanism that is efficient and is also safe to use. Vfd comprises of converter, filter and pwm inverter. This paper presents design and analysis of a three phase induction motor. Vf speed control of 3 phase induction motor using space. Svm offers the same dc voltage utilization as the pwm with a. The proposed system offers many advantages such as simple structure, low cost, accurate, quite efficient, lightweight nature, small volume, and bidirectional speed control. In this video i describe about the speed control of inductuon motor by using different methods like, 1. Hence, it initiates a need to control various parameters of induction motor in order to run it properly and efficiently. It is an algorithm for the control of pulse width modulation pwm.
This is a very good project work for final year electronics and electrical students. Speed control of dc motor using pwm a dc motor is an electromechanical device that converts direct current into mechanical energy by means of rotation of a shaft. Variable voltage variable frequency control of threephase induction motor in closed loop is the significant feature of the thesis work. Fpga based speed control of single phase induction motor by using pwm technique.
There are more than one methods to control the speed of induction motor, you can choose one depending on your resources, efficiency required etc. Speed control of dc motor by pwm in proteus simulation. Design and development of speed control of induction motor drive. Line voltage control the torque developed varies with the square of the applied voltage. By using pwm technique user can control speed of induction motor according to users requirements. The torque generated in the rotor of a 3phase induction motor is proportional to the flux generated by each stator pole, the rotor current and the power factor of the rotor. As can be seen from eq 31 and eq 32, the motor speed is controlled by variation of a stator frequency with the influence of the load torque. They can be used in control of motors used in conveyors and other machinery. Speed control of induction motor using pwm technique. Speed control of a three phase induction motor using pwm. The synchronous speed of an induction motor is given by the relation shown below.
An induction or asynchronous motor is an ac electric motor in which the electric current in the rotor. Speed control of induction motor using scalar control. The proposed solution is based on a voltagefrequency vf control approach and a pi antiwindup regulator. Advantage of using microcontroller based pwm inverter for induction motor speed control 1 change of pwm frequency at any time 2 the speed of the motor can be controlled smoothly. Why is pwm used to control dc motor speed instead of using a variable resistance. Keywordsspeed control, induction motor, pulsewidth modulation, vf. Three phase induction motors are very popular in industrial, appliances and heavy industry applications. You only need to vary the pwm duty cycle to control the speed of the motor. Also the induction motor can be run in either of the two directions which is quite useful in many applications. The inverter with pwm and pcc works as controlled current source. It works on the principle of lorentz force by which the current carrying conductor in a magnetic field experiences a force hence the conductor moves on the direction of force called lorentz force. Purpose of a motor speed controller is to take a signal representing the required speed and to drive a motor at that speed. The pic16f7x7 series of microcontrollers have three onchip hardware pwm modules, making them suitable for 3phase motor control applications. Speed control of induction motor 7 ways to control.
Pulsewidth modulation pwm, as it applies to motor control, is a way of delivering energy through a succession of pulses rather than a continuously varying analog signal. Abstractspeed control of induction motor is one of the major problems for many. This application note explains how these microcontrollers can be used for 3phase ac induction motor control. Todays project topic is dc motor speed control using microcontroller pic16f877a and we are sharing full project report of it. Vf control of 3phase induction motors using pic16f7x7. In this work, designing motor bidirectional dc control circuit using pulse width modulation pwm based on an operational amplifier model lm324 is implemented. By using this method, speed control of induction can be done more. Induction motor speed control project serves this purpose of controlling the speed of the induction motor. This paper aims at study of vf speed control technique for induction motor using space vector pulse width modulation technique with stepwise understanding of vf speed control method for three phase induction motor and space vector modulation and its realization by using matlabsimulink model for two level inverter.
The system is developed using the various toolboxes available in the library such as power system, power electronics, control systems, and signal processing toolboxes and fro m its basic functions. Determination of the losses in induction machines due to harmonics pdf. Pwm pulse width modulation is a method used for getting variable voltage out of constant power source. The arduino controller is used to produce the pulse width modulation pwm. Vfd employed in this experiment work on vf method of speed control in which flux remains constant. Sensorless speed control of an induction motor drive using. Pdf wireless speed control of an induction motor using pwm. Dc motor speed control using microcontroller pic16f877a. Speed control of three phase squirrel cage induction motor. In this paper, a new design of a realtime lowcost speed monitoring and closedloop control of the threephase induction motor im is proposed.
1237 123 474 1543 1271 292 1058 1021 1373 169 1640 1123 704 1539 1640 422 810 1181 647 255 177 215 1031 852 1220 680 353 240 1311 343 29 1098 230